Clinical and epidemiological differences and similarities of viral pneumonias in two pandemics

Background: In a decade, we faced two pandemic viruses, influenza A H1N1pdm09 and SARS CoV-2, whose most serious manifestation is pneumonia. Aim: To compare the clinical, epidemiological and management aspects of pneumonias caused by each pandemic virus in adults requiring hospitalization. Material and methods: Comparative, observational study carried out at a regional Chilean hospital, including 75 patients with influenza A H1N1pdm09 prospectively studied in 2009 and 142 patients with SARS CoV-2 studied in 2020.

Outcomes in Pregnant Women Hospitalized With Acute COVID-19 Infection

Introduction: There are conflicting data on COVID-19 outcomes in pregnant women. Using the AHA COVID-19 CVD Registry we evaluated COVID-19 outcomes in pregnant vs non-pregnant women with COVID-19. Method(s): Women 18-40 years old hospitalized from March 2020 to December 2021 with symptomatic COVID-19 were included (n=2,068), with 110 (5.3%) pregnant at admission. Women with unknown pregnancy status were excluded. Vaccine data were limited (2.8% of participants), therefore omitted from analysis. Baseline demographics and symptoms at presentation were compared between pregnant and non-pregnant women (Table). Rates of death, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, hospital stay >=5 days, myocardial infarction, stroke, DVT, PE, and a composite of all outcomes were determined. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed, adjusting for comorbidities and prior CVD. Result(s): Pregnant women hospitalized with COVID-19 had fewer comorbidities than non-pregnant women (Table). There were no deaths in the pregnant group and 44 (2.3%) in the non-pregnant group. Fewer pregnant women were hospitalized >=5 days (29.1% vs 41.2% non-pregnant);this difference was not statistically significant after multivariable adjustment [adjusted HR (95% CI), 0.67 (0.43-1.02)]. There were no significant differences between the groups in the composite outcome [adjusted HR (95% CI), 0.72 (0.48-1.07)] or its components (Table). Conclusion(s): Pregnant women hospitalized with symptomatic COVID-19 had fewer comorbidities compared with non-pregnant women. There were fewer deaths and lower rates of hospitalization >=5 days in pregnant vs non-pregnant women which was no longer statistically significant after multivariable adjustment. The potential for residual confounding due to healthier pregnant women presenting with milder COVID-19 illness or being admitted for non-COVID-19 indications compared to non-pregnant women must be considered when interpreting these findings.